infra-red diode laser  (Quantum Dot Inc)

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: Abrisham 2011

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Control, Diagnostic Assay, Infection, Irradiation, Sequencing, Selection

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: England 1989

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Control, Diagnostic Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Sequencing, Selection, Generated

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: Eslamian 2012

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Control, Diagnostic Assay, Injection, Irradiation, Sequencing, Selection

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: Montes‐Molina 2012a

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Diagnostic Assay, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomarker Discovery, Control, Irradiation, Sequencing, Selection, Produced

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: Otadi 2012

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Control, Diagnostic Assay, Biomarker Discovery, Muscles, Functional Assay, Clinical Proteomics, Sequencing, Selection

Journal: The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

Article Title: Electrotherapy modalities for rotator cuff disease

doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD012225

Figure Lengend Snippet: Yildirim 2013

Article Snippet: Interventions , Intervention: Interferential laser therapy Description of modality used : two independent identical infra‐red GaAIAs diode lasers (Sys Stim 540), Mettler Electronics Corp, Anaheim, CA, USA) with a wavelength 810 +/‐ 10 nm, pulse width of 100 milliseconds and maximum power output of 100 +/‐ 10 mW were used. This type of laser has an elliptical beam spot with an irradiation area of 9.2 mm 2 at the aperture and the treatment area is illuminated with three 7400‐nm blue light‐emitting diodes. One applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful arm of the shoulder and the other was placed on the opposite side. Both lasers were switched on with the hand‐held probes pressed against the skin. The area was treated in 5 different points: 1 at the site of maximal pain and the other 4 at adjacent locations immediately above, below, right and left of the central point. Both probes were active and both lasers delivered the same dose at the same time. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose: laser was applied using continuous wave mode at a power density of 1.1 W/cm 2 . The energy dose per point was 7 J in 70 seconds. The energy density was 1.4 J/cm 2 . Total energy delivered per session was 70 J Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels Control: Continuous laser therapy Description of modality used : same as above, except one applicator was placed perpendicular to the painful area of the shoulder and the other applicator was switched off and placed on the opposite side. Both probes were pressed against the skin, as in the interferential group. The same points were treated as the interferential group. Participants were seated with the shoulder at rest in adduction and medial rotation Dose : total energy delivered per session was 35 J. Frequency of administration : 10 treatment sessions in total, 3 per week (4 weeks) Any additional treatment during trial : some participants performed supervised shoulder exercises. The exercises were the same for all participants – Codman, finger‐stair and shoulder wheels , .

Techniques: Control, Diagnostic Assay, Adhesive, Sequencing, Selection